2004年英语专业八级考试答案及解析

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2004年英语专业八级考试答案及解析 答案与详解

  PAPER ONE

  PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSION

  SECTION A TALK 答案: A

  【问句译文】跳华尔兹舞与语言运用的相似点在于什么?

  【试题分析】本题属于细节题

  【详细解答】从talk中我们听到语言运用是一种joint action,后面介绍了joint action的定义,人们在跳华尔兹舞时,“…two dancers do their individual steps in coordination”,而人们使用语言时,“…perform their individual actions in coordination.”,因此A正确。

  2.答案: B

  【问句译文】谈话中的说话者认为语言运用是一个什么样的过程?

  【试题分析】本题属于细节题。

  【详细解答】谈话中有“it belongs to both”的字样,即individual和social二者,故B对。

  3.答案: C

  【问句译文】个人背景与非个人背景的主要区别是什么?

  【试题分析】本题属于细节题。

  【详细解答】对话属于personal settings,它们涉及到参与者的自由交流:They’re all characterized by the free exchange of turns among the two participants. 而独白属于nonpersonal settings,它很少有或没有与观众交流的机会:little or no opportunity for interruption, or turns by members of the audience. 因此,personal settings 与nonpersonal settings 之间的主要区别在于讲话者与观众之间的相互交流。

  4.答案: B

  【问句译文】在小说背景中,讲话者_____

  【试题分析】本题属于细节题。

  【详细解答】Talk 中举了《飘》为例,句子“the speakers are each vocalizing words prepared by someone else”告诉我们,书中的讲话者表达的是别人(如作家、作曲家)为之准备的话。

  5.答案: D

  【问句译文】与其他背景相比,私人背景的主要特征是什么?

  【试题分析】本题属于细节题。

  【详细解答】在private setting 中,“people speak for themselves without actually addressing anyone else ”, 因而是没有观众的。

  SECTION B INTERVIEW

  6.答案: C

  【问句译文】王教授那个时代的教育是什么样的?

  【试题分析】细节题。

  【详细解答】王教授说:We did not study very hard. We were not under any pressure to decide on our careers.故可排除选题A;We were always made to feel that getting a first degree … was not preparation for a profession.因而那时的教育并非为工作作准备的,它是一般性的教育(general education)。

  7.答案: B

  【问句译文】据王教授看来,目前教育的目的是什么?

  【试题分析】细节题。

  【详细解答】句子“universities today are more concerned with providing jobs for their graduates”说明如今的大学过多关注的是给毕业生提供工作。

  8.答案: C

  【问句译文】依王教授看来,科技能力_______

  【试题分析】从访谈中,我们听到“technical skill which don’t require you to become very well educated”,意思是technical skill 不需要你有很好的教育,故C对。

  9.答案: C

  【问句译文】对于因付费学生数量的增加而造成的情形,王教授提出了什么解决建议?

  【试题分析】细节题。

  【详细解答】王教授说“what we can do is to concentrate on improving the quality of education”,意指我们要提高教育质量。

  10.答案: D

  【问句译文】下面哪个不是今后教育应该培养的毕业生?

  【试题分析】本题属于推断题。

  【详细解答】选项A、B、C都可在会谈中听到,是王教授所赞同的,而且句子“… the best universities in the world are already trying to guarantee that their students will not only be technically trained but will be the kind of people that can adapt to any changing situation.”说明学生不但要受技术上的训练,还得要适应不断变化的情况。因而那些只有技能的毕业生,不是今后教育要培养的。

www.59wj.com   SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST

  11.答案: B

  【问句译文】世界上下述哪个地区寿命缩短的最厉害?

  【试题分析】细节题。

  【详细解答】文中提到“Nations in every part of the world … are suffering declining life expectancies …The impact … is greatest in subSaharan Africa”,即虽然世界各地寿命都有所下降,但受影响最严重的地方是SubSaharan Africa,故答案为B.

  12.答案: D

  【问句译文】根据本新闻,哪个国家寿命下降率较小?

  【试题分析】细节题。

  【详细解答】文中提到“ Even in countries where the number of new infections is dropping, such as Thailand, Uganda, and Senegal, small life expectancy drop is forecast”,在上述几个国家中,选项中出现了Thailand,即D,故答案为D。

  13 答案: B

  【问句译文】预计将出现以人口负增长的国家主要在_______?

  【试题分析】细节题。

  【详细解答】文中提到“we expect that 5 countries will be experiencing negative population growth because of AIDS mortality, including South Africa, Mozambique, Lesotho, Botswana and Swaziland.”上文中提到的国家主要集中在非洲,故答案为B。

  14.答案: B

  【问句译文】欧盟和美国之间的贸易纠纷主要由什么引起?

  【试题分析】主旨题。

  【详细解答】新闻在一开始就对整篇内容做了概述:为报复美国对欧洲钢材征收的关税,欧盟拟增加一系列美国产品的进口税。由此不难看出本题答案为B,即美国对欧洲钢材的征收的税率。

  15.答案: A

  【问句译文】在欧盟将清单提交给WTO之前应先与谁协商?

  【试题分析】细节题。

  【详细解答】新闻中提到“EU member governments will review the list before the EU submits it to the WTO”,即欧盟各国政府将先审核清单。故答案为A。

www.59wj.com   SECTION D NOTE-TAKING & GAP-FILLING

  1.答案:shyness

  【详细解答】录音中提到 “Almost anyone, no matter how shy, will answer a question.”,此处应用名词,故用shyness.

  2.答案:first

  【详细解答】录音中涉及 “personal but harmful questions” 时,提到几个例子,第一个例子为“asking him about his first job” 等。

  3.答案:morning

  【详细解答】录音中涉及 “personal but harmful questions” 时,提到几个例子,包括 “ask people what they did that morning”。

  4.答案:listen

  【详细解答】录音的第二点提到 “once good talkers have asked questions, they listen for answers.”

  5.答案:interest

  【详细解答】录音中提到 “if someone sticks to one topic, you can assume that he or she is really interested in it.”, 此处填名词,故填interest.

  6.答案:tones

  【详细解答】录音中提到 “Another component of real listening is listening not just to words but to tones of voice.”

  7.答案:discomfort

  【详细解答】录音的第三点中提到 “Laughter is not only warming and friendly, it’s also a good way to ease other people’s discomfort.”

  8.答案:conversations

  【详细解答】根据录音的第三点做总结。人们开始谈话时还不太了解,适时的笑声能使谈话更容易进行。

  9.答案:handshake

  【详细解答】录音中提到 “Men ...have done it with a smile, and a good firm handshake.”

  10.答案:men

  【详细解答】录音中提到 “women have started to take over that custom as well between themselves or with men”。

www.59wj.com   PART Ⅱ PROOFREADING AND ERROR CORRECTION答案:^ special committees → or special committees

  【详细解答】多项并列用句型either...or...or。答案:consisted → consisting

  【详细解答】consist of 意思是“由...构成”,故该处应用现在分词短语。答案:in → on

  【详细解答】固定搭配on ...occasions答案:rely ^ → rely on

  【详细解答】固定搭配rely on sb. to do something答案:make out → make

  【详细解答】make out 意思是“辨认出”,而此处意思是“对...做详细的研究”,故用“make detailed studies of...” 即可。

  6.答案:its → their

  【详细解答】此处指代的是“investigations”, 故用复数。

  7.答案:^ public → the public

  【详细解答】the +adj. 可表示某一类人,此处意思是“面向公众”,故应用“the public”。

  8.答案:nevertheless → therefore (thus)

  【详细解答】此处不是表示意思的转折,而是与前文构成因果关系,故可改为therefore 或thus。

  9.答案:citizenry → citizens

  【详细解答】citizenry 为集体名词,意为“全体公民”,且为旧用法;citizens指公民,强调具体的群体。

  10.答案:these → those

  【详细解答】those 指代witnesses , 即指代名词复数做定语从句的先行词,而these不行。

www.59wj.com   PART Ⅲ READING COMPREHENSION

  SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION

  TEXT A

  短文大意:美国总统布什签订了一份农业议案,旨在提高农业补贴。围绕这一问题,指出发展中国家、穷国家希望富国给予其在农业贸易上公平竞争的机会,暗示布什的这一举措对穷国来说是件令人沮丧之事。

  16.答案: C

  【参考译文】相比之下,哪里的农民接受政府补贴多?

  【试题分析】本题为细节题。

  【详细解答】短文第一段中说:“Farmers in Europe, the U.S. and Japan are luckier: they receive massive government subsidies in the form of guaranteed prices or direct handouts.”其意思是说欧洲、美国及日本的农民更幸运些,他们接受了大量的政府补贴,如有保障的价格或者直接的救济,可见欧洲位于首位。后文又有“...pushes U.S. agricultural support close to crazy European levels.”指的是新农业议案使得美国的农业资助接近于疯狂的欧洲水平,说明欧洲的农民接受政府补贴最多。

  17.答案: A

  【参考译文】除了经济上的考虑之外,布什签的新农业议案背后还有什么动机?

  【试题分析】本题为细节题。

  【详细解答】短文第一段末尾说:“ It’s also designed to help the Republican Party win control of the Senate in November’s midterm elections.”原来,议案还旨在帮组布什所在的民主党赢得对参议院的控制权,因而它有“党派(partisan)的动机”。

  18.答案: A

  【参考译文】全文试图表达的意思是什么?

  【试题分析】本题为主旨题。

  【详细解答】文中第二段引用乌干达财政部长的话:“What we want is for the rich countries to let us compete.”,即希望富国能让他们竞争;第三段讲了肯尼亚园艺工业曾经的发展及如今所面临的贸易障碍,从此得出一个教训:“The lesson: the third world can prosper if the rich world gives it a fair go”,意思是富国若给一个公平的机会,第三世界就会繁荣起来,这与选项A相符。

  19.答案: C

  【参考译文】对美国新的农业补贴的态度如何?

  【试题分析】本题为判断推理题。

  【详细解答】可从最后一段中的几句话得出答案。“This is what makes Bush’s decision to increase farm subsidies last month all the more depressing.” 说明布什的决定让人沮丧;另外,最后一句“Bush’s handout last month makes a lie of America’s commitment to those talks and his personal devotion to free trade.” 实质上是批评了布什是对其在多哈(Doha)会谈上所作的承诺的撒谎。因此的态度是“批判性的”。

  TEXT B

  短文大意:陈述了“在当今美国,人们的工作时间延长了”这一事实并分析了原因。

  20.答案: C

  【参考译文】在美国,工作时间的延长是______。

  【试题分析】为细节题。

  【详细解答】第一段未指出:“Since the 1970s, however, the hours clocked up by American workers have risen, to an average of 42 this year in manufacturing. ”意思是美国工人记录的工作时间在制造业上提高了平均42小时(每周);短文第三段又说:“Several studies suggest that something similar is happening outside manufacturing.”这说明相似的情况也出现在制造业之外,后文举例说明经理和律师(executives and lawyers)的工作时间也延长了。因此可判断在美国各界都出现了工作时间延长的现象,答案C正确。

  21.答案: B

  【参考译文】根据第三段内容,下面哪一个可能是工作时间延长的后果之一?

  【试题分析】本题属于判断推理题。

  【详细解答】第三段告诉我们:在德国,随着工人收入的增加,他们可以减少工作而提高生活标准,而美国并不这样认为。句子“Parents spend less time with their children, who may be left alone at home for longer. Is it just a coincidence that juvenile crime is on the rise?”告诉我们:美国青少年犯罪现象上升与父母在家时间少有联系,因而它可能是人们工作时间延长的一种后果。

  22.答案: A

  【参考译文】下面哪个是提出的工作时间延长的原因?

  【试题分析】本题属于推断题。

  【详细解答】从短文倒数第二段可判断出答案。该段第一句告诉我们:上述答案均不能解释保持了几个世纪缩短的工作时间为何又回弹了。句子“Perhaps cultural differences the last refuge of the defeated economistare at play”说明Cultural differences 是经济学家们所认为的原因。接下来在文中分析:“Perhaps clever marketing has ensured that basic needs …expand continuously”,加上购物也成了人们的消遣之一,因而人们日常需求的扩大是人们要求工作时间长的原因。

  TEXT C

  短文大意:以散文的笔调讲述了发生在捕猎女孩March与一只狐狸之间的故事。那只狡猾的狐狸似乎知道捕猎女孩要捕它,却从她眼皮下慢慢地走开了,女孩被狐狸看她的眼神震住了,她决心要找到它。

  23.答案: B

  【参考译文】故事开始,狐狸似乎是怎样的,下面哪个不能用来描述狐狸?

  【试题分析】本题属于推断题。

  【详细解答】短文第一段中的描述可让我们筛选出正确答案。句子“The fox really exasperated them both”说明狐狸激怒了他们捕猎女孩,故而狐狸是让人恼火的(annoying);“And he was so sly”意指狐狸狡猾(cunning);当March 用枪射他时,狐狸却毫不在意:“But he made no account of this”,而且狐狸“…seemed to circumvent the girls deliberately”似乎故意包围着捕猎女孩们,这些都暗示狐狸带有挑衅性(defiant)。从文中不能判断狐狸是凶猛的(fierce),故选B。

  24.答案: D

  【参考译文】随着故事的发展,March开始感觉被什么符咒镇住了?

  【试题分析】本题属于细节题,旨在考词义 spellbound。

  【详细解答】句子“She was spellbound she knew he knew her.”告诉我们:当狐狸的眼睛遇到March的眼睛时,March一下子象被“符咒镇住”(spellbound)了,她知道狐狸认识她。故答案是:fox。

  25.答案: A

  【参考译文】渐渐地,March 似乎处于一种什么样的状态?

  【试题分析】本题属于细节题。

  【详细解答】第五段中出现“walked abstractedly about”和“mindlessness”,说明March心神不宁、心不在焉,与blankness相似。

  26.答案: C

  【参考译文】故事结尾,March和狐狸之间似乎出现了一种什么样的感觉?

  【试题分析】本题属于推理题。

  【详细解答】最后一段告诉我们,March一心被fox所占领,她很执拗地想找到fox,句子如:“She was possessed by him,… she felt him invisibly master her spirit”等告诉我们March和fox似乎很了解对方,这与答案intimacy(亲密)相近。

  27.答案: A

  【参考译文】整篇文章给人一种什么样的印象?

  【试题分析】本题属于推断题。

  【详细解答】以细腻的笔调将故事娓娓道来,一个活生生的狐狸形象及感情丰富且固执的女猎手跃然纸上,这些都是通过描述猎手的心理活动、狐狸的表情行为及对周围环境的渲染所造成的。通篇文章充满了一种神秘的气氛。

  TEXT D

  短文大意:随着八国首脑会议的召开,欧洲爆发了新一轮的抗议示威活动。一个时代以来第一次国际政治和经济形式处于被审判的地位。抗议者不会减少而会增加,并且随着全球化的发展,抗议活动也形成了全球化。

  28. 答案: C

  【参考译文】 根据上下文,第一段末的“parties” 一词指的是什么?

  【试题分析】细节推理题。

  【详细解答】第一段提到“旗子收好了,票订好了,就等着去参加parties 了...”,第二段开头提到“本周将有一次泛欧抗议者的宴会”。不难推理出parties是泛欧抗议者的活动,故答案选C.

  29.答案: B

  【参考译文】 根据,与经济全球化并行的是______。

  【试题分析】段落理解题。

  【详细解答】第六段提到“全球抗议活动产生了他们自己的语言、文本、议程等,抗议者以前不一样的政治、经济分析也融合为一体了;”最后一句话提到“政府和世界组织促使资本和发展全球化的长期计划正通过抗议的全球化反映出来。”

  30.答案: A

  【参考译文】 根据最后一段,布鲁塞尔正在考虑什么?

  【试题分析】细节题。

  【详细解答】第八段提到“...meet only in places able to physically resist the masses”, 第九段段首直接提到“Brussels is considering building a super fortress for international meetings.” 由这两句话可以推断出答案为A。

www.59wj.com   SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANING

  TEXT E

  短文大意:

讲述了美国社会犯罪的严重性问题。

  31.答案: B

  【参考译文】的目的旨在做什么?

  【试题分析】本题属于主旨题。

  【详细解答】通过快速浏览,可见文章第二段、三段列了许多数据说明犯罪的严重性,故选B。

  TEXT F

  短文大意:分析了“formal learning”和“informal learning”两种学习方法。

  32.答案: A

  【参考译文】的主旨是什么?

  【试题分析】本题属于主旨题。

  【详细解答】快速浏览各段首句可知答案。

  TEXT G

  短文大意:讲述了德国政府为提高穷人人力资源所采取的三种措施。

  33.答案: D

  【参考译文】文中提到的三种方法旨在做什么?

  【试题分析】本题属于段落大意题。

  【详细解答】快速看黑体字(即三种方法)后的每段首句及第三句,可知均有“reduce poverty”,故答案为D。

  TEXT H

  短文大意:讲解了在非洲建立女子大学的问题。

  34.答案: B

  【参考译文】主要关注什么样的问题?

  【试题分析】本题属于主旨题。

  【详细解答】浏览全文,university和women二词出现频率最高,再看各段首句可知答案。

  TEXT I

  短文大意:南京师范大学的多位校长提出了一些有见解的、鼓舞人心的教育理论与实践观念,对中国的教育史有着深远的影响。

  35.答案: C

  【参考译文】哪位校长赞同解除对女老师的禁令?

  【试题分析】本题属于细节题。

  【详细解答】第一段很重要,然后直接根据问题浏览各段落找出相应的人物。

  36.答案: D

  【参考译文】Guo Juefu 是什么人?

  【试题分析】细节题。

  【详细解答】直接从文中找到Guo Juefu的相应介绍可知答案。

  〖CSD%0,0,0,40〗〖FK(B2001〗〖WTHZ〗〖LT(5Y〗TEXT J〖LT)〗〖FK)〗

  〖WTBZ〗短文大意:是一则芝加哥大学商业研究院所作的广告。

  37.答案: B

  【参考译文】芝加哥商业研究院为经理开设的工商管理硕士课程在多长时间内结束?

  【试题分析】细节题。

  【详细解答】第三段中有一个数据20 months,再看上文,即可知答案。

  38.答案: C

  【参考译文】如果你在马来西亚,你的签到日期是什么时间?

  【试题分析】细节题。

  【详细解答】Kuala Lumpur 吉隆坡是马来西亚的首都,直接看到这一项可知答案。

  TEXT K

  短文大意:介绍了几本书的作家、内容、价格等。

  39.答案: B

  【参考译文】谁写了Cultural Amnesia: America’s Future and the Crisis of memory 一书?

  【试题分析】细节题。

  【详细解答】直接找到书名,便可知作家。

  40.答案: D

  【参考译文】哪本书是论文集?

  【试题分析】细节题。

  【详细解答】仅看选项中的四本书,再快速浏览这四本书,而“anthology of essays”一词与“a collection of papers ”相近,故D对。

www.59wj.com   PAPER TWO

  PART Ⅳ TRANSLATION

  SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH

  【参考译文】

  We shouldn’t be too romantic about human relationships. Human beings are funny. Usually, when they meet a person they will first notice his or her merits. It’s just like the experience of dinning in a restaurant. The starter or cold dish will leave you a very good impression. You will be full of praise while eating the first

  two main courses. The more you eat, the calmer you will become. At the end of the dinner all the shortcomings come out. Then happiness turns to anger, praise to scolding and nitpicking, and headingnodding to headshaking. This is because

  : first, you are hungry when you begin eating. When you are hungry, the bran tastes as sweet as honey; when you are full, even the honey tastes insipid.

  SECTION B English to Chinese

  只有在我过于劳累,在我长时间无间断地工作,在我感到内心空虚,需要填补的时候,我才寂寞。而有时在我巡回演讲后回家时,在我见了许多人,讲了许多话,且经历多得需要清理时,我才寂寞。于是有那么一小会儿感觉房子又大又空,我都不知道我的自我藏在哪儿了。于是我会给植物浇浇水,或者将它们再挨个儿瞅瞅,好像它们是人一样。这样我才慢慢地重新找回自我。好大一会儿,我看着水浪从喷泉中喷涌而出,但只有当世界在我身边逐渐消逝时,那一时刻才会到来,自我又从内心深处的无意识中冒出来,带来我最近的种种经历,让我探究,慢慢领会。

  PART Ⅴ WRITING

  【参考范文】

  Should University Students Go in for Business

  Nowadays, you may encounter students who are selling stationery or newspapers when you are walking on campus. Some of them have even opened different types of small shops. They assume that in this way they may accumulate some social experiences and get well prepared for their future jobs. However, they can hardly achieve that purpose. What’s even worse is that they will waste a lot of time they could have used for study. Therefore, in my opinion, university students should not go in for business because of the following two reasons.

  Firstly, university students usually have a heavy task of theoretical study. They have a lot of courses to take, a pile of books to read, and all types of homework to finish. These tasks are essential for them to build up a profound and theoretical foundation. After all, university era is the best time when a student can learn theoretical knowledge. They have many years to practice it later, but if they miss the chance to master it systematically, they will certainly regret wasting their best years. Doing business will take them too much time when they can spend on physical exercises, on books and on activities which will make them better people in the future. No matter whether the business turns out successful or ends up a failure, it will eventually distract students from their academic study. So in the end the students will lose much more than what they earn.

  Secondly, a complete social service network has been established on campus, and the students usually have no chance to compete with the supermarkets which offered much better service and commodities of high quality. These supermarkets sell

  goods ranging from pens, paper to quilts, from biscuits to cooked meals. You can almost buy whatever you will use in daily life there. Besides, these things are usually cheap. What type of shops the students can run? Most of them do the same business as the supermarkets. What type of goods they offer? Nothing better than those in the supermarkets. As a result, the business run by the students usually end in bankruptcy. Except bitter experiences, they earn nothing.

  In a word, if university students go in for business, they will inevitably lose not only energy but also time. Therefore, the school authority should forbid the students to run business, and teachers should try their best to persuade the students not to take the risk so early.

  本套真题测试的语言重点:

  重点单词:

  pie-in-the-sky 不切实际的

  incentive 诱因,动机exasperate 激怒disparate 本质不同的,异类的

  fickleness 反复无常,易变pedantry 拘泥形式,卖弄学问

  重点词组:

  give it a go 试图做某事liberal arts 文科spread over (工程,课程等)占去(时间)

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