09职称英语卫生类AB级概括大意精选一(1)

　　ginseng shows benefits in cancer treatment

　　Flaxseed slowed the growth of prostate tumors in men, while ginseng helped relieve the fatigue that cancer patients often feel, uS researchers reported on Saturday in two of the first scientifically rigorous looks at alternative medicine.

　　The studies reflect doctor’s efforts to explore the risks and benefits of foods and supplements that are routinely taken by their patients with little scientific proof they help. Americans spend between $ 36 billion and $ 46 billion year onplementary and alternative therapies, according to the National center for Health Statistics. “Patients are taking thesepounds but we need to know if they are doing any good or any harm, ”said Dr. Bruce cheson of georgetown university Hospital in washington, who led a panel on alternative therapies at a meeting of the American Society of clinical oncology.

　　In the flaxseed study, researchers at Duke university medical center in North carolina and colleagues evaluated the seed’s role as a food supplement in 161 men who were scheduled to undergo surgery for prostate cancer. “The growth rate was decreased in the men who got flaxseed,” said Dr. Nancy Davidson, an oncologist at Johns Hopkins university in Baltimore who is president-elect of ASco. “I think this is fascinating.” Flaxseed is rich in omega-3 fatty acids and lignins, a fiber found on the seed coat. “we were looking at flaxseed because of its unique nutrient profile, ” said wendy Demark-wahnefried, a researcher in Duke’s School of Nursing, who led the study.

　　Half of the men in the study added 30 grams of flaxseed daily to their diets for about 30 days. Half of the flaxseed group also went on a low-fat diet. After the surgery, the cancer cells in both the flaxseed groups grew about 30 to 40 percent slower than the control group.

　　But Demark-wahnefried is not ready to prescribe flaxseed. “It’s a healthy food. It has a lot of vitamins and a lot of fiber. But we can not definitely say at this point you should take flaxseed because it is protective against prostate cancer,” she said, adding that flaxseed now needed to be studied to see if it can prevent prostate cancer.

　　In the ginseng trial, Debra Barton of the mayo clinic in Rochester, minnesota, and colleagues tested three different does of the herb on patients with a variety of cancers who were expected to live at least six months. Twenty-five percent of patients taking a 1,000-mg dose and twenty-seven percent of patients taking a 2,000-mg does said their fatigue symptoms were “moderately better”or “much better”. only 10 percent of those taking a 750-mg dose reported an improvement, which was about the same as the placebo group. Patients on the trial took wisconsin ginseng from a single crop that was tested for uniform potency. It was powered and given in a capsule form. “I wouldn’t have predicted this, I have to admit, ” Davidson said in an interview. “we might want to test this in a large scale.”

　　The flaxseed study was funded by the National Institutes of Health and the ginseng study was supported by uS Public Health Service grants.

　　1. Paragraph 2 ___.

　　2. Paragraph 4 ___.

　　3. Paragraph 5 ___.

　　4. Paragraph 6 ___.

　　A. the motivation of flaxseed study

　　B. the study on ginseng displays its good promise

　　c. the doctors’ responsibilities led them to carry out these two studies

　　D. ginseng is as good to cancer patients as flaxseed

　　E. the methods and results of the study on flaxseed

　　F. a different opinion on the use of flaxseed

　　5. Doctors in the uS wanted to know ___.

　　6. Both studies on flaxseed and ginseng show ___.

　　7. It is the unique nutrient profile of flaxseed ___.

　　8. In the ginseng trial the researchers tested the potency of ginseng ___.

　　A.that led the researchers in Duke’s School of Nursing to study it

　　B.by giving different dose of the herb to patients with different cancers

　　c.whether the foods and supplements patients took every day were good or not

　　D.though both flaxseed and ginseng are all healthy alternative medicines

　　E.that either of them is beneficial to cancer patients

　　F.because we still have to see if flaxseed can prevent prostate cancer

　　答案与解析：

　　1. 分析文章标题：ginseng(人参) Shows(显示，展示) benefit(利益， 好处) in cancer(癌症) treatment(治疗)

　　文章主题词：ginseng, benefit, cancer, treatment

　　2. 分析小标题被选项：

　　A. the motivation(动机) of flaxseed(亚麻籽) study(研究)

　　B. the study on ginseng(人参) displays(显示，展示) its good promise(承诺， 前景， 希望)

　　c. the doctors’ responsibilities(责任) led them to carry out (完成)these two studies(研究)

　　D. ginseng is as good to对于 cancer patients as flaxseed

　　E. the methods(方法) and results(结果) of the study on flaxseed

　　F. a different(不同的) opinion(观点) on the use of flaxseed

　　分析： 被选项B和D直接涉及文章主题词， 因此可能是答案。

　　1.解答概括大意题：

　　A. the motivation(动机) of flaxseed(亚麻籽) study(研究)

　　B. the study on ginseng(人参) displays(显示，展示) its good promise(前景)

　　c. the doctors’ responsibilities(责任) led them to carry out (完成)these two studies(研究)

　　D. ginseng is as good to cancer patients as flaxseed

　　E. the methods(方法) and results(结果) of the study on flaxseed

　　F. a different(不同的) opinion(观点) on the use of flaxseed www.59wj.com

　　1.Paragraph 2 ____.

　　(第一段)Flaxseed(亚麻籽) slowed(减缓) the growth(生长， 种植) of prostate (前列腺的)tumors(肿瘤) in men, while(而) ginseng(人参) helped relieve(缓解，减轻) the fatigue(疲劳) that cancer(癌症) patients(病人) often feel, uS researchers(研究者) reported(报告) on Saturday(星期六) in two of the first scientifically(按照科学方法地， 科学地) rigorous(严格的) looks(看，外表， 查看/研究)at alternative(选择性的) medicine(替代药物).

　　(第二段)The studies(研究)reflect(反映， 反射) doctor’s efforts(努力)to explore(探索， 探测) the risks(风险) and benefits(好处) of foods and supplements(补充， 添加剂) that are routinely(常规的) taken(摄入) by their patients(病人)with little(很少的， 少许) scientific(科学的) proof(证据) they help(increase risks or benefits). Americans spend between $ 36 billion and $ 46 billion year onplementary and alternative therapies, according to the National center for Health Statistics. “Patients are taking thesepounds but we need to know if they are doing any good or any harm, ”said Dr. Bruce cheson of georgetown university Hospital in washington, who led a panel on alternative therapies at a meeting of the American Society of clinical oncology.

　　1.c.第2段中没有出现flaxseed(亚麻籽)和ginseng(人参)， 因此推测选项c可能是答案。 而选项c中的核心词study出现在段首句中， 因此关注段首句的内容。 段首句(主题句)的内容与选项c的内容一致。

　　提示：

　　小标题被选项中的细节信息词及特征词是对小标题被选项进行判断的一个有效依据。

　　A. the motivation(动机) of flaxseed(亚麻籽) study(研究)

　　B. the study on ginseng(人参) displays(显示，展示) its good promise(前景)

　　D. ginseng is as good to cancer patients as flaxseed

　　E. the methods(方法) and results(结果) of the study on flaxseed

　　F. a different(不同的) opinion(观点) on the use of flaxseed

　　2.Paragraph 4 ___.

　　Half of the men in the study added(增加) 30 grams(克) of flaxseed daily (每天)to their diets(食物) for about 30 days. Half of the flaxseed group also went on a low-fat diet. After the surgery, the cancer cells in both the flaxseed groups grew about 30 to 40 percent slower than the control(控制) group(群体).

　　2.E.借助段落主题词flaxseed(亚麻籽确认A， D， E和F可能是答案。 段落中的细节信息结构所揭示的意义与E(研究方法和研究结果)一致。

　　提示：利用段落中出现的细节信息结构所揭示的意义往往能直接确认段落主题。

　　A. the motivation(动机) of flaxseed(亚麻籽) study(研究)

　　B. the study on ginseng(人参) displays(显示，展示) its good promise(前景)

　　D. ginseng is as good to cancer patients as flaxseed

　　F. a different(不同的) opinion(观点) on the use of flaxseed

　　3.Paragraph 5 ____.

　　But Demark-wahnefried is not ready to(准备) prescribe(开(药)， 规定) flaxseed. “It’s a healthy food. It has a lot of vitamins and a lot of fiber. But (但是)we can not definitely (明确地)say at this point ((时间的)点， 地点)you should take flaxseed because it is protective against(预防) prostate(前列腺的) cancer,” she said, adding that flaxseed now needed to be studied to see if it can prevent prostate cancer.

　　3.F. 根据段落主题词flaxseed(亚麻籽)判断A， D，和F可能是答案。 D中出现的细节信息词ginseng在这个段落中没有出现， 由此排除D。段落中的主要句子涉及到She(Demark)的观点(放在引号中的话语)， 因此F是答案。

　　A. the motivation(动机) of flaxseed(亚麻籽) study(研究)

　　B. the study on ginseng(人参) displays(显示，展示) its good promise(前景)

　　D. ginseng is as good to cancer patients as flaxseed

　　4. Paragraph 6 ___.

　　In the ginseng trial, Debra Barton of the mayo clinic in Rochester, minnesota, and colleagues tested three different does of the herb on patients with a variety of cancers who were expected to live at least six months. Twenty-five percent(百分数， 百分之) of patients (病人)taking a 1,000-mg dose (剂量)and twenty-seven percent of patients taking a 2,000-mg does said their fatigue symptoms were “moderately better”or “much better”. only 10 percent of those taking a 750-mg dose reported(报告) an improvement(改善， 改进)which was about the same as the placebo group. Patients on the trial took wisconsin ginseng from a single crop that was tested for uniform potency. It was powered and given in a capsule form. “I wouldn’t have predicted this, I have to admit, ” Davidson said in an interview. “we might want to test this in a large scale.”

　　4.B. 段落中出现了细节信息词ginseng, 因为ginseng是细节信息词，因此该词应该在段落小标题中出现，由此判断只有B或D可能是答案。 但D中的细节信息词flaxseed并没有在段落中出现， 由此排除D。 因此答案为B。

　　4. 分析完成句子被选项：

　　A.that led(领导， (道路等)通向) the researchers(研究者) in Duke’s School of Nursing(护理) to study(研究) it

　　B.by giving(给予) different(不同的) dose (剂量)of the herb(药草) to patients(病人) with different cancers(癌症)

　　c.whether(是否) the foods and supplements(添加剂) patients(病人) took every day (每天)were good or not

　　D.though(尽管) both flaxseed(亚麻籽) and ginseng(人参) are all(完全地)

　　healthy(健康的) alternative medicines(替代药品)

　　E.that either of (...之一)them is beneficial to (对...有益的)cancer patients

　　F.because(因为) we still have to (不得不)see if(是否) flaxseed can prevent(防止， 预防) prostate(前列腺的) cancer

　　被选项呈现出不同的语法特征， 因此有些完成句子题可能能直接借助问题句的语法结构特征直接解题。

　　A. that led(领导， (道路等)通向) the researchers(研究者) in Duke’s School of Nursing(护理) to study(研究) it

　　B by giving(给予) different(不同的) dose (剂量)of the herb(药草) to patients(病人) with different cancers(癌症)

　　c whether(是否) the foods and supplements(添加剂) patients(病人) took every day (每天)were good or not

　　D though(尽管) both flaxseed(亚麻籽) and ginseng(人参) are all(完全地) healthy(健康的) alternative medicines(替代药品)

　　E that either of (...之一)them is beneficial to (对...有益的)cancer patients

　　F because(因为) we still have to (不得不)see if(是否) flaxseed can prevent(防止， 预防) prostate(前列腺的) cancer www.59wj.com

　　5. Doctors in the uS wanted to know(知道) ___.

　　5.c. 空格处需要出现充当know宾语的结构， 因此只有c或E可能是答案。 借助空格前面结构的意义提示判断c是答案。 也可以利用问题句中的细节信息结构doctor作为答案线索， 在文章中查找答案相关句：

　　(第2段)The studies reflect doctor’s efforts to explore the risks and benefits of foods and supplements that are routinely taken by their parents with little scientific proof they help. Americans spend between $ 36 billion and $ 46 billion year onplementary and alternative therapies, according to the National center for Health Statistics. “Patients(病人) are taking(服用) thesepounds(复合物)but we need to know (与问题句中的结构want to need呼应)if they are doing any good (有益)or any harm(损害), ”said Dr. Bruce cheson of georgetown university Hospital(医院) in washington, who led a panel on alternative therapies at a meeting of the American Society of clinical oncology.

　　考点：

　　考察代词结构指代内容：thesepounds, we及they的指代内容。

　　考察近义结构的识别：if – whether ... or not

　　be good or not – do good or harm

　　A. that led(领导， (道路等)通向) the researchers(研究者) in Duke’s School of Nursing(护理) to study(研究) it

　　B by giving(给予) different(不同的) dose (剂量)of the herb(药草) to patients(病人) with different cancers(癌症)

　　D though(尽管) both flaxseed(亚麻籽) and ginseng(人参) are all(完全地) healthy(健康的) alternative medicines(替代药品)

　　E that either of (...之一)them is beneficial to (对...有益的)cancer patients

　　F because(因为) we still have to (不得不)see if(是否) flaxseed can prevent(防止， 预防) prostate(前列腺的) cancer

　　6. Both(两者的， 两个的) studies(研究) on flaxseed(亚麻籽) and ginseng(人参) show(显示) ___.

　　6.E. 空格处需要出现充当show宾语的结构， 因此只有E是答案。 借助空格前面结构的意义提示判断c是答案。 也可以利用问题句中的细节信息结构flaxseed, ginseng及特征结构both studies共同作为答案线索， 在文章中查找答案相关句：

　　(第一段)Flaxseed slowed(减缓) the growth of prostate(前列腺的) tumors(肿瘤) in men, while ginseng helped relieve(减轻) the fatigue(疲倦) that cancer patients often feel, uS researchers reported on Saturday in two of the first scientifically rigorous(严格的) looks at alternative medicine(替代药物).

　　该题考查考生概括总结能力

　　A. that led(领导， (道路等)通向) the researchers(研究者) in Duke’s School of Nursing(护理) to study(研究) it

　　B by giving(给予) different(不同的) dose (剂量)of the herb(药草) to patients(病人) with different cancers(癌症)

　　D though(尽管) both flaxseed(亚麻籽) and ginseng(人参) are all(完全地) healthy(健康的) alternative medicines(替代药品)

　　F because(因为) we still have to (不得不)see if(是否) flaxseed can prevent(防止， 预防) prostate(前列腺的) cancer

　　7. It is the unique(独特的， 唯一的) nutrient(营养的) profile(简介，侧面， 轮廓) of flaxseed(亚麻籽)___.

　　7.A. 利用问题句中涉及到修饰词的结构unique(独特的， 唯一的) nutrient(营养的) profile作为答案线索， 在文章中查找答案相关句：

　　(第3段最后一句)we were looking at (看， 研究)flaxseed because of (因为)its unique nutrient profile, ” said wendy Demark-wahnefried, a researcher(研究者) in Duke’s School of Nursing, who led(领导) the study.

　　考点：强调句型。

　　It is/was ...被强调的内容 + that...

　　e.g. It is tomorrow that I will finish the work./我要明天才会完成工作。

　　B by giving(给予) different(不同的) dose (剂量)of the herb(药草) to patients(病人) with different cancers(癌症)

　　D though(尽管) both flaxseed(亚麻籽) and ginseng(人参) are all(完全地) healthy(健康的) alternative medicines(替代药品)

　　F because(因为) we still have to (不得不)see if(是否) flaxseed can prevent(防止， 预防) prostate(前列腺的) cancer

　　8. In the ginseng(人参) trial(试验) the researchers tested(测试) the potency(力量) of ginseng(人参) ___.

　　8.B. 利用问题句中的细节信息结构the beginning trial作为答案线索， 在文章中查找答案相关句：

　　(第6段第1句)In the ginseng trial, Debra Barton of the mayo clinic(门诊部) in Rochester, minnesota(明尼苏达州), and colleagues(同事 ) tested three different(不同的) does(剂量) of the herb (药草)on patients with a variety of (各种各样的)cancers who were expected to live at least (至少)six months.