2010年职称英语真题之综合类C级阅读理解
第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每道题确定一个最佳选项。
第一篇
How to Start a Small Business in the US
People from other countries often take America as the “land of opportunity”. Americans, too, believe that the country gives no end of chances to those who want to open their own businesses. Today, many Americans are still trying hard to become small business people, although only one out of two remains in operation after the first two years.
Many people start their small businesses for the wrong reasons. They want to get away from the paper work of their present jobs or to exchange the responsibility of their present jobs for free life styles. But more, not less, paper work and responsibility come with ownership of a small business.
Thomas is the owner of the news magazine Mother Earth, which is now quite successful. He says that he had to work sixty hours without stopping when he was trying to bring out the first issue.
Thomas had waited for years after he came up with the idea for Mother Earth. During that time, he collected as much information as he could about his business. He borrowed books from the library, talked to successful people in the field, and began planning carefully the amount of money and the kinds and numbers of supplies he would need. When he finally opened with a capital of $1,500, he set up his office in the kitchen and his printing press in the garage. Owing to his devotion to business, his talent, and his skill in management, Mother Earth now has a circulation of 300,000.
Not all small businesses are doing as fine as Mother Earth is 50% of the 450,000 that start in America every year fail. Still, 95% businesses in the US can be called “small”. Altogether these businesses amount to 40% of America’s gross national product.
31.According to the passage, which of the following is true of the small businesses in the US?
A.All of them close down in the first two years.
B.Most of them fail within the first two years.
C.They all make big profits.
D.Only half of them continue to operate after the first two years.
32.According to Paragraph 2, many people start small businesses in order to
A.do heavy work or earn more money
B.do less paper work or take less responsibility.
C.do more paper work or take less responsibility.
D.do light work or live quiet lives.
33.What preparations did Thomas make before he started his business?
A.He stayed at home
B.He borrowed money from a bank.
C.He made investigations and drew up a plan
D.He wrote a book.
34.Thomas’ success can be attributed to
A.his talent, his skill in management, and his devotion to his work.
B.his good luck.
C.his good relations with a business manager.
D.his good treatment of his workers.
35.How many businesses in the US can be called “small”?
A.5%
B.40%
C.50%
D.95%
.
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第二篇
Sino-Japan Animosity Lessens
Chinese and Japanese people view each other slightly more positively than last year, according to a survey released on Wednesday at a press conference in Beijing.
The survey is jointly sponsored by China Daily and Genron NPO, a Japanese think tank similar to the American Council on Foreign Relations. It also found overwhelming agreement in both countries that Sino-Japanese relations were important.
The survey is a part of the Beijing-Tokyo Forum, an annual gathering of senior government officials and representatives from Chinese and Japanese NGOs designed to improve communication and understanding between the two countries.
Conducted every year for five years now, the survey focused on two different groups of people: ordinary citizens, and intellectuals. In China, the intellectual group was comprised mainly of university students from well-known schools like Peking University. In Japan, the "intellectual" group was mainly made up of previous members of Genron NPO.
Among ordinary Chinese polled, 35.7 percent said they have "very good" or "relatively good" impressions of Japan, a 5.5-percentage-point increase compared with last year. 45.2 percent of Chinese students had a positive impression of Japan, two percentage points more than last year. Only 26.6 percent of Japanese have a positive impression of China, however.
Still, an overwhelming majority of the respondents from each country said Sino-Japanese relations were "important" and wanted their leaders to deepen talks and cooperation with each other.
But 51.9 percent of ordinary people and 42.4 percent of students in China said they saw no change in relations between the two countries over the last year. In Japan, 64.8 percent of those ordinary people and 53.4 percent of intellectuals surveyed shared the view that there was no improvement in bilateral ties this year.
Historical issues and territorial disputes remain two major obstacles to improving bilateral relations, the survey found. What concerns the Chinese most are historical issues, visits by Japanese officials to Yasukuni Shrine, and the Nanjing Massacre.
Perceptions on economic and trade relations have improved, though. About 47 percent of ordinary Japanese said China had been "helpful" this year in fighting the global economic crisis, compared with just 30 percent last year. The percent of Japanese intellectuals who said Chinese economic growth was good for Japan increased from 65.8 percent to 81.4 percent this year.
Cooperation in East Asian issues, trade and investment, energy, and the environment and climate change top the list of common concerns that people in China and Japan want their leaders to talk about in bilateral meetings, the survey found.
Civil exchanges were regarded by the most people from the both countries as an important way to improve relations. 90.7 percent of the students and 85.7 percent of the ordinary people in China and 95.8% of intellectuals and 74.8% of the ordinary people in Japan viewed civil exchanges as "important" or "relatively important".
Chinese and Japanese both learn about each other's countries mostly through television news and newspapers, the survey found.
36.Which of the following statements about the survey is true?
A.The survey was conducted on Wednesday at a press conference in Beijing.
B.The survey is jointly sponsored by y China Daily, Genron NPO and the American Council on Foreign Relations.
C.The survey found that people in both China and Japan generally agree that the relationship between the two countries is important.
D.The survey mainly focused on two different groups of people: ordinary citizens, and the university students.
37.According to the passage, the Beijing-Tokyo Forum
A.is held every year in Beijing.
B.aims at promoting communication between the two countries.
C.mainly attracts representatives from the governments of the two countries
D.releases a survey on Sino-Japanese relation every five years.
38.In the last year, ________% of ordinary Chinese and ________% of Chinese students have a positive impression of Japan.
A.35.7; 45.2
B.51.9; 42.4
C.5.5; 26.6
D.30.2; 43.2
39.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the major obstacles to improving bilateral ties?
A.territorial disputes
B.trade frictions
C.visits by Japanese officials to Yasukuni Shrine
D.the Nanjing Massacre
40.The survey found that
A.most Japanese had good or relatively good impressions of China.
B.the bilateral relationship was perceived as being improved over last year by the majority of respondents from the both countries.
C.an overwhelming majority of the respondents from each country believed that the Civil exchanges were an important way to improve relations.
D.The territorial issue ranked among the top list of common concerns that people in both countries want their leaders to talk about in bilateral meetings.
.
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第三篇
Anger Is Dangerous to Your Health
Doctors say anger can be an extremely harmful emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that angry feelings can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.
Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm, reasonable way. Others burst with anger, losing control of themselves. But still other people control their anger. They cannot or will not express it.
For years many doctors thought that controlling one’s anger was more dangerous to a person’s health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain lets out the same hormones that are produced during tense situations. They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure and narrow the blood vessels. In general, the person feels excited and ready to act.
Doctors said that controlling these feelings only makes the feelings continue. And this can lead to many medical problems. Doctors thought a person could prevent these problems by letting the anger out by expressing it freely. But recently some doctors held a different view. They said that people who express anger too often and violently did become, in fact, more and not less angry. They said this, too, can cause medical problems.
Some doctors say that both controlling and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger strongly may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.
Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.”
41.According to the passage, an extremely harmful emotion may lead to all the followings EXCEPT
A.pneumonia
B.heart disease
C.cancer
D.stomach trouble
42.Controlling one’s anger was considered to be dangerous to his health because of all the followings EXCEPT that
A.the heart rate increases
B.the blood pressure rises
C.the situation is becoming tenser
D.the blood vessels become narrow.
43.Which of the following is the more recent view about the expression of anger?
A.It is dangerous both to express anger violently and to control one’s anger.
B.One can avoid his medical problems by expressing his anger freely.
C.One’s heart rate will not change if his anger is kept unexpressed.
D.One is likely to suffer from high blood pressure in a bit of great anger.
44.When you get angry, which of the followings should you do for the sake of health?
A.Controlling your anger and then studying its cause.
B.Letting out your anger freely and then studying its cause.
C.Studying its cause and waiting till it cools down.
D.Waiting till it has cooled down and then studying its cause.
45.Which of the followings can best replace the title of the passage?
A.Different Ways of Dealing with Anger.
B.The Danger of Anger and Its Solution.
C.New Medical Discoveries about Anger.
D.An Argument between the New and Old Views about Anger.
.