一、单选题 (词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分) 。下面共有l5个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。)
1、The committee comprises five persons.
A) absorbs
B)concerns
C) excludes
D)involves
A B C D
标准答案： d
解析：comprise v.包含, 由...组成;该词和D(involve vt.包括) 是近义词。absorb vt.吸收, 吸引; concern vt.涉及, 关系到n.(利害)关系, 关心; exclude vt. 把...排除在外; 该句含义是“这个委员会是由5个人组成。”
2、The room was furnished with the simplest essentials, a bed, a chair, and a table
A)supplied
B) gathered
C)grasped
D)made
A B C D
标准答案： a
解析：分析：根据划线词后的介词搭配(with)判断答案A。furnish..with..= supply/provide..with../给..提供..; gather n.集合, 聚集vi.集合, 聚集vt.使聚集; grasp
vt./ n.抓住,掌握, 领会;该句含义是“这个房间配备了最基本的物品：一张床，一把椅子，和一张桌子。”
3、The local government decided to merge the two firms into a big one.
A)motivate
B) combine
C)compact
D)nominate
A B C D
标准答案： b
解析：分析：根据句意(当地的政府决定把两家公司合并成一家公司)判断B((使)联合)是答案。motivate v.激发; compact adj.紧凑的, 紧密的, 简洁的; nominate vt.提名, 推荐, 任命
4、He emphasized a feasible plan which can be accepted by the both sides.
A)favorable
B) possible
C)formal
D)genuine
A B C D
标准答案： b
解析：分析：该句含义是“他强调要制定出一个能够被双方都接受的可行计划” 。feasible adj.可行的, 切实可行的; favorable adj.赞成的, 有利的, 赞许的;genuine adj.真实的, 真正的
5、Because administering the whole company, he sometimes has to work around the clock.
A)adjusting
B) evaluating
C)engaging
D)managing
A B C D
标准答案： d
解析：分析：根据句意(因为管理着整个公司，他有时候得夜以继日地工作)判断D(管理)是答案。evaluate vt.评价, 估计; adjust vt.调整, 调节, 校准; engage vt.使忙碌， 使从事于, 使参加 vi.答应, 从事
6、He invested a considerable amount of money in the project.
A) immense
B) positive
C) powerful
D) realistic
A B C D
标准答案： a
解析：分析：借助划线词所在搭配结构：amount(数量)只能说大小， 因此只有A(大的) 是答案。该句大意是“他在这个项目上投了一大笔的钱”。 positive是“确实的，积极的”，powerful是“有力的，强大的”，realistic是“现实主义的”。
7、The interview took place around the kitchen table and was very causal.
A) formal
B) informal
C) regular
D)irregular
A B C D
标准答案： b
解析：分析：被选项A和B， C和D从词形上看都分别构成正反义词。句子中前面部分的内容说“采访是在餐桌旁进行”， 因此推断该采访应该是“非正式的” ， 所以答案是B。regular是“规则的， 定期的”， irregular是“不规则的， 非定期的”。
8、We should contemplated the problem from all sides.
A) deliberated
B)thought
C) described
D) designed
A B C D
标准答案： a
解析：分析：借助搭配结构“…问题”排除B(think后通常带宾语从句)和D(与“问题”搭配不合理)。根据句意(我们应该…问题的各个方面)判断A(仔细考虑)最合适。
www.59wj.com9、He has a passionate interest in music.
A) enthusiastic
B) perfect
C) practical
D)funny
A B C D
标准答案： a
解析：借助搭配结构直接判断答案。划线词修饰的词语是“interest(兴趣)”， 从这个搭配语义上看， A(强烈的， 热烈的)是最合适的选项。该句的大意是“他对音乐有着强烈的兴趣。”passionate是“热烈的， 强烈的， 多情的”, perfect是“完全的，完美的”, practical是“事实上的，实际上的”, funny是“有趣的，好笑的”。
10、He has a very outgoing personality and makes friends very easily.
A)capacity
B) character
C) reality
D)attitude
A B C D
标准答案： b
解析：分析：借助搭配结构直接判断答案。修饰划线词的形容词是outgoing(开朗的)， 借助这个搭配结构判断B(性格， 特征) 是最合适的选项。 该句的大意是“他的性格很开朗， 很容易与人交朋友。”personality是“人格，品格， (有名)人物”， capacity是“能力，才干，容积 ”, reality是“现实”, attitude是“态度”。
11、He is assigned to oversee the production of the assembly lines.
A)supervise
B) watch
C)suspect
D)predict
A B C D
标准答案： a
解析：分析：借助搭配结构直接判断答案。借助搭配结构“…装配线的生产”判断A(监督，指导)是答案;oversee v.俯瞰, 检查, 视察;suspect v.怀疑, 猜想; predict v.预知, 预言, 预报
12、Soldiers have to obey orders.
A)reply to
B) apply for
C)abide with
D)comply with
A B C D
标准答案： d
解析：借助搭配结构直接判断答案。借助搭配结构“…命令”判断D(遵守)是答案。reply to v.回答; apply for请求, 申请; abide with sb.和某人住在一起。abide by v.坚持, 遵守
13、She wore a gorgeous Victorian gown which was said to be worth thousands of dollars.
A)beauty
B) splendid
C)expensive
D)simple
A B C D
标准答案： b
解析：分析：该句含义是“ 她穿着一件维多利亚时期的…长袍，而这件长袍的价值据说是上千美圆。”。gorgeous在口语中常用，其含义是“华丽的, 灿烂的”，splendid (adj.壮丽的, 辉煌的, 极好的)是该词的近义词。beauty n.美, 美景, 美好的东西; expensive adj.花费的, 昂贵的
14、His health had deteriorated while he was in prison.
A) became better
B)became worse
C) became stronger
D) became weaker
A B C D
标准答案： b
解析：分析：借助搭配“健康…”，排除C和D(strong(强)和 weak(弱)都不和“健康”搭配使用，只能说“身体” strong或 weak)，再借助句意(在监狱服刑期间他的健康变得恶化了)判断B(变得更糟糕)是答案。deteriorate v.(使)恶化。
15、Smoking is inhibited in public places.
A) instructed
B)inquired
C) forbidden
D) strived
A B C D
标准答案： c
解析：分析：借助句意(吸烟在公共场合被..)判断C是答案。instruct vt.教, 命令, 指示;inquire
v.询问, 问明, 查究;forbid vt.禁止, 不许;strive v.努力, 奋斗。
www.59wj.com 二、匹配题
16、第二部分：阅读判断(每题1分，共七分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑
American Sports
The United States is a sports-loving nation. Sports in America take a variety of forms: organized competitive struggles, which draw huge crowds to cheer their favorite team to victory; athletic games, played for recreation anywhere sufficient space is found; and hunting and fishing. Most sports are seasonal, so that what is happening in sports depends upon the time of year. Some sports are called spectator sports, as the number of spectators greatly exceeds the number playing in the game.
Baseball is the most popular sport in the US. It is played throughout the spring and summer, and professional baseball teams play well into the fall. Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket.
Football is the most popular sport in the fall. The game originated as a college sport more than 75 years ago. It is still played by almost every college and university in the country, and the football stadiums of some of the largest universities seat as many as 80,000 people. The game is not the same as European football or soccer. In American football there are 11 players on each team, and they are dressed in padded uniforms and helmets because the game is rough and injuries are likely to occur.
Basketball is the winter sport in American schools and colleges. Like football, basketball originated in the US and is not popular in other countries. Many Americans prefer it to football because it is played indoors throughout the winter and because it is a faster game. It is a very popular game with high schools, and in more than 20 states, state-wide high school matches are held yearly.
Other spectator sports include wrestling, boxing, and horse racing. Although horse-racing fans call themselves sportsmen, the accuracy of the term is questionable, as only the jockeys who ride the horses in the races can be considered athletes. The so-called sportsmen are the spectators, who do “not assemble” primarily to see the horses race, but to bet upon the outcome of each race. Gambling is the attraction of horse racing.
1.Hunting and fishing are mainly favored by men, young and old, in the US.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
2.Professional baseball teams can continue to play for a long period of time in the fall after the regular baseball seasons of spring and summer.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
3.Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
4.Football can be classified as a spectator sport.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
5.Many Americans like basketball better than football because the latter is so harsh that players have to wear special uniforms.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
1. 阅读判断的7道题中，最多的答案选项是A(正确)，通常2-4道题答案选择A;其次是选项B(错误)， 通常2-4道题的答案选择B;“没提到”这个答案通常在1-2道题中出现，通常7道题中有1-2道题的答案是“没提到”。
l 阅读判断/阅读理解解题技巧说明：
解答阅读判断题时可以考虑采用“新信息词/新信息短语定位法”。“新信息词/新信息短语定位法”就是利用新信息词/新信息短语作为答案线索，在文章中快速找到与问题相关的答案相关句的方法。“新信息词/新信息短语”是指问题句中出现的，传递出前面的问题中没有提到过的新信息的词语或短语。 这些“新信息词/新信息短语”通常是出现在问题句中的主句和从句中的主语，或句子结尾部分的状语结构中。例如coffee and meat(咖啡和肉)(信息词)”， 由于其词义的特点( “咖啡”和“肉”分别作为其对应事物的名称，具有所指的唯一性)， 如果文章中有与它们相关的内容，则coffee and meat两个结构很可能会直接出现在文章中，因此考虑采用 “coffee and meat(咖啡和肉)”作为直接答案线索， 从而借助对这两个短语的查找而快速地在文章中进行与问题句相关内容的查找和确认。在确认最终可作为答案线索的新信息词/新信息短语的时候，还要注意“特征结构优先原则”。 典型的“特征结构”包括“时间状语结构”， “数字”， 和作为专有名词的“人名”，“地名”和“ 组织机构名”等这类“特征性结构”。这些结构总是以特殊形式(容易查找的形式)出现在文章中：“时间”—涉及到年代或表述的数量大于100时，往往是以阿拉伯数字的形式出现;“人名”， “地名”， “组织机构名”—作为专有名词往往以单词首字母大写的形式出现。
标准答案： C,A,A,A,B
解析：American Sports
1. C. 分析：利用题干中的核心结构hunting and fishing和特征结构men, young and old作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：Sports in America take a variety of forms: organized competitive struggles, which draw huge crowds to cheer their favorite team to victory; athletic games, played for recreation(娱乐) anywhere sufficient space is found; and hunting and fishing.发现答案相关句中并没有提到men, young and old，根据该相关句及相邻句子的句意不能“推出”也不能“反驳”问题句的句意，所以该句的说法为“没提到”。
2. A. 分析：利用题干中的核心结构和特征结构(professional baseball teams和the regular baseball seasons of spring and summer)作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：Baseball is the most popular sport in the US. It is played throughout the spring and summer(对应the regular baseball seasons of spring and summer.), and professional baseball teams play well into the fall(对应play for a long period of time in the fall). 判断该句的句意与问题句的句意一致，该题主要是考察well into the fall(一直到秋季末)结构的含义。
3. A。 分析：利用题干中的核心结构(baseball 和cricket)作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket(板球)，判断该句的句意(与棒球运动最接近的就是英国的板球)与问题句的句意一致， 因此该问题句的说法“正确”。
4. A。 分析：利用题干中的核心结构(football 和spectator sport)作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：Some sports are called spectator sports, as the number of spectators greatly exceeds the number playing in the game.(第一段最后一句)…the football stadiums of some of the largest universities seat as many as 80,000 people.该题考察考生的推断能力：既然最大的足球体育馆能容纳下80，000观众，那么根据spectator sports(观赏性运动)的定义，足 球应该是spectator sports。
5. B. 分析：利用题干中的核心结构(basketball 和football)作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：Basketball is the winter sport in American schools and colleges. Like football, basketball originated in the US and is not popular in other countries. Many Americans prefer it to football because it is played indoors throughout the winter and because it is a faster game. 该相关句的说法与问题句的说法不一致(主要是“理由”的表述方面不一致)，所以判断问题句的说法“不正确”。
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6.Basketball in American is so popular with universities that nationwide university matches are held yearly.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
7.Horse-racing fans cannot be considered sportsmen because they are spectators whose primary interest is gambling.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
标准答案： C,A
解析：6. C。 分析：利用题干中的核心结构(nationwide university matches)作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：It is a very popular game with high schools, and in more than 20 states, state-wide high school matches are held yearly.发现该句的说法与问题句的说法“不一致”，但又不能因此而判断问题句的说法“错误”。因此判断该题的说法为“没提到”。
7. A。 分析：利用题干中的horse-racing fans作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：Other spectator sports include wrestling, boxing, and horse racing. ... The so-called sportsmen are the spectators, who do “not assemble” primarily to see the horses race, but to bet upon the outcome of each race. Gambling is the attraction of horse racing.根据相关句群的句意(赛马比赛的吸引人之处是赌博， 赛马迷只是对赌博感兴趣)发现问题句的说法与这些相关句的说法一致，因此问题句的说法“正确”
www.59wj.com18、第三部分：概括大意与完成句子(每题1分，共8分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)1---4 题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2--5 段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第5--8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing
Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known，new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.
Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep，as well as a number of other sleep problems，than people who sleep 8 hours a night.People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night’s sleep than 8-hour sleepers.
These findings, which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, demonstrate that people who want to get a good night’s rest may not need to set aside。more than 8 hours a night.He added that“it might be a good idea'’for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed, but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this.
Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep一for instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.
For the current report，Kripke reviewed the responses of 1，004 adults to sleep questionnaires，in which participants indicated how much they slept during the Week and whether they experienced any sleep problems.Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night，arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep，and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning.
KriDke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed.As evidence，he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed.“It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then they’ll spend a higher percentage of time awake.”he said.
1. Paragraph 2 ___.
2. Paragraph 4___.
3. Paragraph 5___.
4. Paragraph 6___.
A. Keprike’s research tool
B. Dangers of Habitual shortages of sleep
C. Criticism on Kripke’s report
D. A way of overcoming insomnia
E. Sleep problems of long and short sleepers
F. Classification of sleep problems
标准答案： E,B,A,D
解析：More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing
1. E： Investigators ...found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling, than...该句回应了文章的主题—睡眠时间太长不是好事;对应被选项发现只有E和F与这个内容有关系，但段落最后一句中又提到了睡眠不足的人的问题，因此判断E是答案(睡眠长和睡眠短的人所面临的睡眠问题)。
2。B.分析：段落的结构-- Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep一for instance..表明了该段的中心是讲述“长期睡眠不足的潜在危险”。
3. A. 分析：对于该段落答案的选择具有一定的迷惑性，A和F容易相互成为干扰项，但由于段落中提到的“睡眠问题”是属于问卷上要回答的内容，是和Keprike的直接研究有关，所以判断A是答案。同时猜测F可能是出题者设置的干扰项。
4. D： 段落中出现的Kripke found， Kripke noted和he added表明“Kripke的观点和态度应该是该段的中心”，对比被选项排除C(段落中没有出现批评的话语)和F(段落中没有具体提到睡眠问题的表现形式)，而段落最后第2句提到了克服失眠的方法—少花时间在床上，与D呼应。
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5.To get a good night’s rest，people may not need to ___.
6.Long sleepers are reported to be more likely to___.
7. One of the sleep problems is waking in the middle of the night，unable to___.
8. One survey showed that people who habitually ___each night have a higher risk of dying.
A fall asleep again .
B become more energetic the following day
C sleep less than 7 hours
D confirm those serious consequences
E suffer sleep problems
F sleep more than 8 hours
标准答案： F,E,A,C
解析：5.F.分析：根据搭配结构need to do sth.判断所有选项都在语法上合适。借助搭配句意：“为了获得晚上好的休息，人们没有必要。。”判断F(睡眠超过8小时)。
6.E.分析：借助搭配句意：“睡眠时间长的人根据报道更有可能。。”，并结合文章主题—睡眠时间长不是好事情，判断E合适。也可借助文章中的相关内容(利用题干中的Long sleepers和more likely 作为答案线索)：KriDke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.
7. A. 分析：借助搭配句意：“其中的一个睡眠问题是在午夜醒来，不能。。”，直接判断A(再次入睡)合适。
8. C.分析：借助搭配句意：“一项调查显示那些习惯性每晚...的人有更高的死亡风险。”
www.59wj.com20、第四部分：阅读理解(每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第1篇
Hurricane(飓风) Katrina(克特里娜)
A hurricane is fiercely powerful, rotating form of tropical storm that can be 124 to 1,240 miles in diameter. The term hurricane is derived from Hurican, the name of a native American storm god. Hurricanes are typical of a calm central region of low pressure between 12 to 60 miles in diameter, known as the eye. They occur in tropical regions. Over its lifetime, one of these storms can release as much energy as 10,000 nuclear bombs.
The seed for hurricane formation is a cluster of thunderstorms over warm tropical waters. Hurricanes can only form and be fed when the sea-surface temperature exceeds 27 C and the surrounding atmosphere is calm. These requirements are met between June and November in the northern hemisphere.
Under these conditions, large quantities of water evaporate and condense into clouds and rain – releasing heat in the process. It is this heat energy, combined with the rotation of the Earth, that drives a hurricane.
When the warm column of air from the sea surface first begins to rise, it causes an area of low pressure. This in turn creates wind as air is drawn into the area. This spinning wind drags up more moisture-laden air from the sea surface in a process that swells the storm. Cold air falls back to the ocean surface through the eye and on the outside of the storm.
Initially, when wind speeds reach 23 miles per hour, those mild, wet and grey weather systems are known as depressions. Hurricane Katrina formed in this way over the south-eastern Bahamas on 23 August 2005. Katrina has had a devastating impact on the Gulf Coast of the US, leaving a disaster zone of 90,000 square miles in its wake – almost the size of the UK. Thousands have been killed or injured and more half a million people have been misplaced in a humanitarian crisis of a scale not seen in the US since the great depression. The cost of the damage may top $ 100 billion.
1. what is the eye of a hurricane?
A. a native American storm god
B a rotating form of tropical storm that can be 124 to 1240 miles in diameter.
C a calm central region of low pressure between 12 to 60 miles in diameter
D a storm that can release as much energy as 10,000 nuclear bombs
2. Which of the following is NOT the “requirements”mentioned in the second paragraph?
A the tropical waters are warm and calm
B the sea-surface temperature exceeds 27 C
C there are thunderstorms over warm tropical waters
D the atmosphere surrounding the sea is calm
3. which of the following is the best explanation of the word “drive”in the third paragraph?
A to guide, control, or direct
B to force to go through or push in/ hammer in
C to supply the motive force or power and cause to function
D to force to move in a particular direction
4. what does the warm air mentioned in the fourth paragraph produce when it is rising from the sea surface?
A high pressure
B low pressure
C wind
D cold air
5. What is NOT true of Hurricane Katrina according to the last paragraph?
A the area affected is almost the size of the UK
B it left a disaster zone of 90,000 square miles
C half a million people are forced to leave the area
标准答案： C,A,C,B,D
解析：Hurricane(飓风) Katrina(克特里娜)
1.C. 解析：问题问“什么是飓风的眼睛?”， 问题句中出现了细节词(eye), 利用该词作为答案线索， 在文章中查找答案相关句：
(第一段)A hurricane is fiercely powerful, rotating form of tropical storm that can be 124 to 1,240 miles in diameter. The term hurricane is derived from Hurican, the name of a native American storm god. Hurricanes are typical of(..是...具有...的特征) a calm central region of low pressure between 12 to 60 miles in diameter, known as(被称为) the eye. They occur in tropical regions. Over its lifetime, one of these storms can release as much energy as 10,000 nuclear bombs.
划线句(答案相关句)说“飓风的特征是一个平静的低压中心区， 直径在12英里到60英里之间， (这个低压区域)被称为飓风的眼睛”， 该句内容与C一致， 因此C是答案。
2.A. 解析：问题问“下列哪个选项不是在第2段中提到的‘要求’?”被选项的特点是都涉及到细节信息结构， 所以分别利用被选项中的这些细节信息结构作为答案线索(A: tropical waters; B: sea-surface temperature, 27C; C: thunderstorms; D: atmosphere )， 在文章中查找与它们分别形成呼应的语句， 对被选项进行一一判断：
The seed (种子，原因 ) for hurricane formation (形成， 构成)is a cluster of (一群)thunderstorms over warm tropical waters(与C一致). Hurricanes can only form and be fed(喂养) when the sea-surface temperature exceeds 27 C (与B一致)and the surrounding atmosphere is calm(于D一致). These requirements are met (被满足)between June and November in the northern(北方的， 北部的) hemisphere(半球).
线索词出现的答案相关句分别于选项C，B和D呼应，而这些细节内容都与该段最后一句中的these requirements 呼应：它们属于“要求”，因此只有A没有提到。
3.C. 解析：问题问“下列哪个选项最恰当地解释了第3段中drive 的含义?”首先找到第3段中的这个词：
Under these conditions, large quantities of water evaporate and condense into clouds and rain – releasing heat in the process. It is this heat(热，温度， 加热) energy, combined with(与...组合) the rotation(旋转) of the Earth, that drives (驱使)a hurricane.
答案相关句(drive 在文章中所在的句子)说“正是这种热量， 与地球的旋转共同作用， 驱动飓风”， 显然被选项C与drive在句子中的基本含义最接近：提供动力， 使(飓风)活动(驱动飓风)
4.B. 解析：问题问“第4段中提到的暖流当它从海面升起时产生了什么?”利用问题句中的细节信息(warm air)作为答案线索， 在第4段中查找答案相关句：
When the warm column(圆柱状，圆柱)of air from the sea surface first begins to (开始)rise, it causes(造成) an area of low pressure. This in turn creates wind as air is drawn into the area. This spinning wind drags up more moisture-laden air from the sea surface in a process that swells the storm. Cold air falls back to the ocean surface through the eye and on the outside of the storm.
第4段第1句就是答案相关句，该局说“当来自海面的温暖的圆柱状气流开始上升时，它造成了低压区域”， 因此B是答案。
5.D. 解析：问题问“根据最后一段，下列哪个说法与飓风卡特里娜的实际情况不一致?”， 被选项D(人道主义危机所带来的危害性与经济大萧条的危害性一样严重)与文章主题(飓风)偏差较大， 因此D可能是答案。
Initially, when wind speeds reach 23 miles per hour, those mild, wet and grey weather systems are known as depressions. Hurricane Katrina formed in this way over the south-eastern Bahamas on 23 August 2005. Katrina has had a devastating(破坏性的) impact on (对...产生影响)the Gulf Coast(海湾沿岸) of the US, leaving(留下) a disaster zone of 90,000 square miles in its wake (在...之后)– almost the size of the UK. (该句说“飓风卡特里娜对海湾沿岸造成了破坏性的影响，飓风结束后留下了面积为9万平方英里的灾难区， 这几乎与英国的面积一样大”， 该句内容与与A和B一致)Thousands have been killed or injured and more half a million people have been misplaced (被迫离开)in a humanitarian crisis of a scale(规模，比例， 刻度， 等级) not seen (被看见得)in the US since the great depression.(该句提到“50万人被迫离开”， 这与C一致) The cost of the damage(损失) may top(超过， 最高的，头等的， 顶部 ) $ 100 billion.
根据上面的分析， 只有D的内容与文章中相关内容不一致。
www.59wj.com21、第2篇
Kobe Bryant
After 10 seasons wearing the No. 8 on his back, Kobe Bryant will become No 24 next season. The reason for the surprising decision by the Los Angeles Lakers super guard last week has become a hot topic for debate.
Bryant wore No at when he was in early high school, but he changed to No 33 in his senior year. He switched to No 8 when he was selected by the Lakers in 1996, and has been not changed since.
Bryant has refused to explain the decision until the end of the play-offs. So guessing Bryant’s motive has become a popular game among NBA fans and newspaper columnists.
There are all kinds of speculations. Many say that Bryant wants to leave the past behind and have a fresh start. He has often been criticized for playing to benefit himself and not the team as a whole. Others say that he may be trying to compare himself to Michael Jordan. Jordan was famous for his No 23 jersey. Some, such as NBC Sport columnist Michael Ventre, argue that it is “all about money”. Bryant will make more money by selling new jersey to his fans.
Some speculations are more about fun. For example, there is an opinion that Kobe is actually just a dihard fan of the popular TV drama “24”.
All this talk has turned the number changed into a major issue. It seems that there is a lot of fuss over something that should be pretty simple.
Jersey numbers have their own special significance in American sports, especially basketball. Players choose their number when they join a team and they usually stick with that number for the rest of their career. When a great player retires, his team will honor him by retiring his number.
To some extent, the jersey is the player, and the player is jersey. Thus, when you see the famous No 23 for the Chicago Bulls, you immediately think about Michael Jordan. A No 32 Miami Heats jersey recalls the image of Shaquille O’ Neal, and the Houston rockets’ No 11 belongs only to Yao Ming.
Lots of stories are behind players’ jersey number selections. Jordan said that he choose No 23 because it was roughly half of 45. Jordan’s elder brother wore the No 45 in college. Yao Ming once revealed that the No 11 stands for two people in love – meaning him and his girlfriend Ye Li.
1. Which team has Bryant played for?
A. the Los Angels Lakers
B. The Houston rockets.
C. The Chicago Bulls
D. The Miami Heats
2. How long has Bryant Wore No 8?
A. for two years and a half
B. for ten years
C. since he entered high school
D. since he left high school.
3. Which of the following is NOT a speculation about Bryant’s motive to change his number?
A. he wants to leave his past behind and have a fresh start
B. he wants to compare himself to Jordan
C. he wants to earn more money
D. he wants to show that he is man of great importance
4. Why did Jordan choose No 23?
A. because that number would make him famous
B. because that number will make you miss him
C. because that number was related to the number his brother once wore
D. because that number was easy to remember
5. What does the number Yao Ming chose stand for?
A. two long legs
B. two long arms
C. two tall people in love
D. tow big countries
标准答案： A,B,D,C,C
解析：Kobe Bryant (科比. 布莱恩特)
1.A. 问题问“Bryant一直是为哪个队打比赛?”， 被选项都是专有名词(特征词)， 分别利用它们作为答案线索， 在文章中查找与它们分别对应的相关句，进行一一判断：
(第1段)After 10 seasons wearing the No. 8 on his back, Kobe Bryant will become No 24 next season. The reason for (…的原因)the surprising (令人吃惊的)decision by (由…作出的决定)the Los Angeles Lakers super guard last week (上周)has become a hot topic for (…的话题)debate.
第1段最后一句中出现了the Los Angels Lakers， 该句说“洛杉矶盐胡人队的这位超级后卫作出的这个决定， 让人吃惊， 而造成其决定的原因成为了人们讨论的一个热点话题。 ”从该句中可知， Bryant现在是在为洛杉矶盐胡人队打比赛。
(第2段)Bryant wore No at when he was in early high school, but he changed to No 33 in his senior year. He switched to (转变成)No 8 when he was selected by (被…挑选)the Lakers in 1996, and has been not changed(改变) since(后来，自从， 既然 ).
第2段的最后一句中再次出现the Los Angels Lakers， 该句说“1996年他被洛杉矶盐胡人队选为队员后， 他的球衣变成了8号， 从那以后他的球衣号就再也没有变过。”根据该句内容可知， Bryant从1996年以后一直是为洛杉矶盐胡人队打比赛。 因此A是答案。
2.B. 问题问“Bryant穿8号球衣穿了多久?”利用题干中的特征词No 8作为答案线索， 在文章中查找答案相关句：
(第1段)After 10 seasons wearing the No. 8 on his back, Kobe Bryant will become No 24 next season. The reason for the surprising decision by the Los Angeles Lakers super guard last week has become a hot topic for debate.
(第2段)Bryant wore No at when he was in early high school, but he changed to No 33 in his senior year. He switched to No 8 when he was selected by the Lakers in 1996, and has been not changed since.
第1段中的答案相关句说“Bryant穿8号球衣穿了10个赛季”， 第2段中的答案相关句说“1996年他被洛杉矶盐胡人队选为队员后， 他的球衣变成了8号， 从那以后他的球衣号就再也没有变过。”可见Bryant穿8号球衣穿了10个赛季(也就是10年)， 因此B是答案。
3.D. 问题问“下列哪项不是对Bryant改变他球衣号码动机的推测?”，被选项中分别出现了细节信息及特征词语(Jordan)， 分别利用它们作为答案线索结构， 在文章中查找对应的答案相关句， 可以首先对选项B进行判断(包含特征词Jordan):
After 10 seasons wearing the No. 8 on his back, Kobe Bryant will become No 24 next season. The reason for the surprising decision by the Los Angeles Lakers super guard last week has become a hot topic for debate.
Bryant wore No at when he was in early high school, but he changed to No 33 in his senior year. He switched to No 8 when he was selected by the Lakers in 1996, and has been not changed since.
Bryant has refused to explain the decision until the end of the play-offs. So guessing Bryant’s motive has become a popular game among NBA fans and newspaper columnists.
(第4段)There are all kinds of(各种各样的) speculations. Many say that Bryant wants to leave the past behind and have a fresh start(与选项A一致). He has often been criticized for playing to benefit himself and not the team as a whole. Others(其他人) say that he may be trying to compare himself to Michael Jordan. Jordan was famous for (因…而出名)his No 23 jersey(运动衫). (与选项B内容一致)Some, such as(例如) NBC Sport columnist (专栏作家)Michael Ventre, argue(主张认为) that it is “all about money”. Bryant will make more money by selling new jersey(球衣) to his fans(球迷) (与选项C一致).
第4段中的倒数第3句(其他人说他可能正试图把自己与迈克尔， 乔丹进行比较)与选项B内容一致， 因此B不是答案。 而该段段首句说“有各种各样的推测” ， 因此该段内容应该与人们的推测有关。 因此该段就应该是答案相关段。 选项A和C都在该段中有呼应得内容， 因此只有D没有被提到。
4.C. 问题问“乔丹为什么选择23号球衣?”利用题干中的特征词Jordan和No 23作为答案线索，在文章中找到答案相关句：
(第4段) There are all kinds of speculations. Many say that Bryant wants to leave the past behind and have a fresh start. He has often been criticized for playing to benefit himself and not the team as a whole. Others say that he may be trying to compare himself to Michael Jordan. Jordan was famous for (因为…而出名)his No 23 jersey(运动衫). Some, such as NBC Sport columnist Michael Ventre, argue that it is “all about money”. Bryant will make more money by selling new jersey to his fans. (该段中的答案相关句没有解释乔丹选择13号球衣的原因)
Some speculations are more about fun. For example, there is an opinion that Kobe is actually just a dihard fan of the popular TV drama “24”.
All this talk has turned the number changed into a major issue. It seems that there is a lot of fuss over something that should be pretty simple.
Jersey numbers have their own special significance in American sports, especially basketball. Players choose their number when they join a team and they usually stick with that number for the rest of their career. When a great player retires, his team will honor him by retiring his number.
To some extent, the jersey is the player, and the player is jersey. Thus, when you see the famous No 23 for the Chicago Bulls(芝加哥公牛队), you immediately think about(想起， 考虑) Michael Jordan. A No 32 Miami Heats jersey recalls the image of Shaquille O’ Neal, and the Houston rockets’ No 11 belongs only to Yao Ming.(该段的答案相关句只是说“当你看到芝加哥公牛队的著名23号时，你会立刻想起迈克尔. 乔丹”， 没有解释乔丹选择23号球衣的原因)
(最后一段)Lots of stories are behind players’ jersey number selections. Jordan said that he choose No 23 because it was roughly(大致， 粗略地) half(一半) of 45. Jordan’s elder brother(大哥) wore the No 45 in college(学院). Yao Ming once revealed that the No 11 stands for two people in love – meaning him and his girlfriend Ye Li.
该段中的答案相关句说“乔丹说他选择23号球衣是因为23大致是45的一半, 而他的大哥在大学里穿的是45号球衣”。显然该句内容与选项C(这个数字与他哥哥曾经穿的球衣号有关)内容一致。
5.解析：问题问“姚明选择的数字所代表的意义是什么? ”利用问题句中的特征词Yao Ming 作为答案线索， 在文章中查找答案相关句：
(倒数第2段)To some extent, the jersey is the player, and the player is jersey. Thus, when you see the famous No 23 for the Chicago Bulls, you immediately think about Michael Jordan. A No 32 Miami Heats (迈阿密. 热火) jersey recalls(使回忆起) the image(映像，肖像，图像) of Shaquille O’ Neal(沙奎尔. 奥尼尔), and the Houston rockets(休士顿火箭队) ’ No 11 belongs only to(属于) Yao Ming.
(倒数第1段)Lots of stories are behind players’ jersey number selections. Jordan said that he choose No 23 because it was roughly half of 45. Jordan’s elder brother wore the No 45 in college. Yao Ming once (曾经)revealed (揭示(球衣数字的秘密))that the No 11 stands for (代表)two people in love(相爱的) – meaning(意思是指， 想要， 关系重大) him and his girlfriend Ye Li.
文章最后一句是该题的真正答案相关句，该句说“姚明曾经揭示了11号球衣数字的秘密， 他说11代表两个相爱的人 – 他和他的女朋友叶莉。 ”
www.59wj.com22、第3篇
Too Little for Global Warming
Oil and gas will run out too fast for doomsday global warming scenarios to materialize, according to a controversial new analysis presented this week at the University of Uppsala in Sweden. The authors warn that all the fuel will be burnt before there is enough carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to realize predictions of melting ice caps and searing temperatures. Defending their predictions, scientists from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change say they considered a range of estimates of oil and gas reserves, and point out that coal-burning could easily make up the shortfall. But all agree that burning coal would be even worse for the planet.
The IPCC’s predictions of global meltdown pushed forward the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, an agreement obliging signatory nations to cut CO2 emissions. The IPCC considered a range of future scenarios, from unlimited burning of fossil-fuels to a fast transition towards greener energy sources. But geologists Anders Sivertsson, Kjell Aleklett and Colin Campbell of Uppsala University say there is not enough oil and gas left even the most conservative of the 40 IPCC scenarios to come to pass.
Although estimates of oil and gas reserves vary widely, the researchers are part of a growing group of experts who believe that oil supplies will peak as soon as 2010, and gas soon after. Their analysis suggests that oil and gas reserves combined about to the equivalent of about 3,500 billion barrels of oil considerably less than the 5,000 billion barrels estimated in the most optimistic model envisaged by the IPCC. Even the average forecast of about 8,000 billion barrels is more than twice the Swedish estimate of the world’s remaining reserves.
Nebojsa Nakicenovic, an energy economist at the University of Vienna, Austria who headed the 80-strong IPCC team that produced the forecasts, says the panel’s work still stands. He says they factored in a much broader and internationally accepted range of oil and gas estimates than the “conservative” Swedes.
Even if oil and gas run out, “there’s a huge amount of coal underground that could be exploited”, he says that burning coal could make the IPCC scenarios come true, but points out that such a switch would be disastrous. Coal is dirtier than oil and gas and produces more CO2 for each unit of energy, as well as releasing large amounts of particulates. He says the latest analysis is a “shot across the bows” for policy makers.
1. What do the authors of the new analysis presented at the University of Uppsala intend to say?
A. the burning of coal will accelerate the arrival of Earth’s doomsday.
B. The oil reserves are big enough to materialize the doomsday scenarios
C. Melting ice caps and searing temperatures exist only in science fiction
D. Oil and gas will run out so fast that Earth’s doomsday will never materialize.
2. Nations that signed the Kyoto Protocol agree to
A. pay attention to global meltdown
B. cut CO2 emissions
C. use more green energy
D. stop using fossil fuels
3. What are the estimates of the world’s oil and gas reserves?
A. 4,000 billion barrels by the average forecast
B. 8,000 billion barrels estimated by the Swedes
C. 3,500 barrels envisaged by IPCC
D. 3,500 billion by a growing number of scientists
4. Which of the following about Nebojsa Nakicenovic is true?
A. he thinks fossil fuels are as dirty as oil and gas
B. he thinks green fuels will replace oil and gas eventually
C. he thinks IPCC’s view on the world’s reserves is too optimistic
D. he thinks that IPCC’s estimates are more optimistic than the Swedes
5. Which of the following is the near explanation of Nakicenovic’s assertion that “.. such a switch would be disastrous..?
A. The IPCC scenarios would come true because burning coal will emit larger amounts of CO2”
B. A switch to burning coal would produce disastrous environmental problems
C. Oil and gas to replace coal as fuel would speed up the process of global warming
D. A switch from the IPCC scenarios to the policymakers’ ones would be disastrous
标准答案： D,B,D,D,B
www.59wj.com解析：第3篇
Too Little for Global(全球的) Warming(升温)
1. D。 分析：利用问题句中的特征结构University of Uppsala作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：
该句可能理解起来不是很容易，所以可以借助前后句的句意， 而且该句是观点句，因此后句中很可能会进行进一步的阐述或分析。(第一段)Oil and gas will run out too fast for doomsday global warming scenarios to materialize, according to a controversial new analysis presented this week at the University of Uppsala in Sweden. The authors warn(警告) that all the fuel(燃料) will be burnt before there is enough carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) in the atmosphere(大气) to realize(实现) predictions(预测) of melting ice caps (冰冠)and searing(烫人的) temperatures.
划线句(对前句内容进行解释)说“作者警告：在大气层中中出现足够的二氧化碳， 导致人们预测的冰冠溶化和全球温度升高之前，地球上所有的燃料都将已经被消耗光了。”，借助该句内容判断D 是答案。
2. B。 分析：利用问题句中的特征结构Kyoto Protocol作为答案线索，这样在文章中找到答案相关句：
(第2段)The IPCC’s predictions of global meltdown(冰雪融化) pushed forward (推动..)the 1997 Kyoto Protocol签署, an agreement(协议) obliging(迫使) signatory(签字者) nations to cut CO2 emissions(排放).
该句说“IPCC对全球冰雪融化的预测推动了京都协议的签订，京都协议促使签署国同意减少CO2排放的协议”， 因此判断B是答案。
3. D。 分析：问题问“世界石油和天然气储备的估计数量是多少?”， 利用问题句中的细节信息结构oil and gas reserves(石油和天然气储备)作为答案线索，同时因为被选想中都出现了数字，因此注意文章中涉及到这些数字的句子：
Although estimates of oil and gas reserves vary widely, the researchers are part of a growing group of experts who believe that oil supplies(供应) will peak (达到最高峰)as soon as最快 2010, and gas soon after. Their analysis suggests that oil and gas reserves combined(组合的) about to the equivalent of (等值于)about 3,500 billion barrels (缺少句子结构???)of oil considerably(相当地)less than(少于) the 5,000 billion barrels estimated(被估计) in the most optimistic (乐观的)model(方式) envisaged(设想) by the IPCC.
上面的句子说“越来越多的专家认为最快在2010年将会是石油供应的高峰期，随后是天然气的高峰期。他们认为石油和天然气的总量在3，500billion barrels左右，IPCC乐观的估计额是5，0003，500billion barrels”， 因此判断D 是答案。
4. D。 分析：利用问题句中的特征结构Nebojsa Nakicenovi作为答案线索，有两个被选项中都提到了IPCC，因此也利用这个词作为答案线索，这样在文章找到答案相关句：
Nebojsa Nakicenovic, an energy economist(经济学家) at the University of Vienna, Austria who headed(带领) the 80-strong(实足的)(有80人的) IPCC team that produced the forecasts, says the panel(小组)’s work still stands(有效).该句说“Nebojsa Nakicenovic认为IPCC小组的工作仍然站得住脚， 是客观的”， 因此排除C。
He says they factored in (把...计算在内)a much broader(广泛的) and internationally accepted (被接受的)range (范围)of oil and gas estimates than the “conservative(保守的)” Swedes.该句说“同保守的瑞典人项比， 他们(IPCC小组)把范围更广， 国际认定的燃料储备考虑在内”， 因此可以得出的结论是：IPCC小组在对燃料进行估算上比瑞典人更乐观。
这道体题也可以借助排除法解答：
Even if oil and gas run out, “there’s a huge amount of coal underground that could be exploited”, he says that burning coal could make the IPCC scenarios come true, but points out that such a switch would be disastrous. Coal is dirtier than oil and gas and produces more CO2 for each unit of energy, as well as releasing (释放)large amounts of particulates(微粒).
该划线句说“煤(化石燃料)比石油和天然气更具有污染性”， 因此排除A。 而文章中根本就没有具体提到“green fuel”是什么, 因此B 也不是答案，答案只能是D。
5.B。 分析：Nakicenovic提出的断言出现在文章最后的两段文字中， 被选项中两处提到了switch一词，所以利用这个词作为答案线索，
Nebojsa Nakicenovic, an energy economist at the University of Vienna, Austria who headed the 80-strong IPCC team that produced the forecasts, says the panel’s work still stands. He says they factored in a much broader and internationally accepted range of oil and gas estimates than the “conservative” Swedes.
Even if oil and gas run out, “there’s a huge amount of coal underground that could be exploited”, he says that burning coal could make the IPCC scenarios come true, but points out that such a switch would be disastrous. 划线句前部分结构中揭示： switch是指从使用石油和天然气到使用煤的转变。 接下来的句子说：Coal is dirtier than oil and gas and produces more CO2 for each unit of energy, as well as releasing large amounts of particulates.(煤比原油和天然气更具有污染性)， 该句暗示煤的燃烧会造成更大的环境灾难， 因此判断B是答案。
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